What condition must healthcare providers monitor for in patients taking clindamycin?

Clindamycin is an antibiotic that is particularly effective against anaerobic bacteria and certain protozoa. One significant concern with its use is the risk of developing Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), which can lead to severe colitis. This occurs because clindamycin and other broad-spectrum antibiotics can disrupt the normal flora of the gastrointestinal tract, allowing Clostridium difficile, which may be resistant to the antibiotic, to proliferate.

As a result, healthcare providers need to monitor patients receiving clindamycin for signs and symptoms of CDI, which can include diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever, and more severe gastrointestinal issues. Early detection and intervention are crucial, as CDI can lead to more serious complications if not addressed promptly. This highlights the importance of understanding the side effects and potential complications associated with antibiotic therapy, particularly in patients at higher risk for gastrointestinal disturbances.