Which of the following drugs is contraindicated during pregnancy?

The use of ACE inhibitors during pregnancy is contraindicated mainly due to the potential risks they pose to the developing fetus. ACE inhibitors, such as lisinopril and enalapril, can lead to adverse outcomes, particularly during the second and third trimesters. Research has shown that these medications may cause significant complications, including fetal renal dysfunction, oligohydramnios (insufficient amniotic fluid), and even fetal death.

These drugs can also negatively affect the developing cardiovascular system of the fetus by interfering with the normal renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, which is crucial for fetal growth and development. It is important for healthcare providers to prescribe safe alternatives for managing conditions such as hypertension in pregnant patients to avoid these serious ramifications.

In contrast, while antibiotics, analgesics, and antipyretics are not without risk during pregnancy, there are many that can be safely used when necessary, under the guidance of a healthcare professional. For instance, certain antibiotics are considered safe for use during pregnancy, and some analgesics like acetaminophen (a common analgesic and antipyretic) are typically used with caution and deemed acceptable.